Moon jellyfish
Aurelia aurita
The classic translucent saucer shape with four pale-pink horseshoe markings. Mild sting that's often barely noticeable. Common year-round but most visible in summer. Largely harmless.
Wildlife guide · Mustang Island
Most of the gelatinous creatures in the Gulf off Mustang Island are harmless — moon jellies and cabbage-head (cannonball) jellies rarely sting. The one to learn to recognize is the Portuguese man o' war, with its blue-purple gas-filled sail. Here's what you'll see, when stings are most likely, and the right first aid if it happens.
Jellyfish (and look-alikes like the Portuguese man o' war) are a normal part of life on the Texas Gulf. Stings happen, but serious medical incidents are rare. The single most useful skill is recognizing a man o' war — alive in the water or washed up on the wet sand — and giving it room. The purple beach flag means dangerous marine life has been reported on the beach; check it before you swim.
Aurelia aurita
The classic translucent saucer shape with four pale-pink horseshoe markings. Mild sting that's often barely noticeable. Common year-round but most visible in summer. Largely harmless.
Stomolophus meleagris
Round, opaque, brown-rimmed dome that does look like a cabbage. Very common in late summer and fall, often washed up in numbers after onshore winds. Considered harmless to humans — sting is very mild.
Physalia physalis
Not a true jellyfish but a colonial siphonophore. Identified by a translucent blue-purple gas-filled sail, often with a pink crest, and long blue tentacles trailing below. Sting is painful and occasionally serious. Most often blown ashore on southeast winds in spring and fall. Even a washed-up specimen with no signs of life can sting if touched.
Chrysaora quinquecirrha
Less common in Port Aransas than further north on the Atlantic coast, but occasionally seen. Translucent body with reddish stripes, long tentacles. Stings sting; rinse with seawater.
True box jellies of medical concern are rare in Texas waters, but occasional sightings are reported. Treat any jelly with caution and report unusual species at the lifeguard stand.
Sting risk is highest in late spring and early fall, when southeast winds blow Portuguese man o' war ashore. Cabbage-head jellies are most numerous in late summer and early fall but rarely sting.
Jan
Absent
Feb
Absent
Mar
Rare
Apr
Peak
May
Peak
Jun
Possible
Jul
Possible
Aug
Possible
Sep
Peak
Oct
Peak
Nov
Rare
Dec
Absent
Most jellyfish stings off Mustang Island are mild and resolve in a few hours. Portuguese man o' war stings are more painful and need attention. The wrong first aid (freshwater, ice, urine) can make a sting worse by triggering more nematocysts to fire.
Don't thrash. Walk out, then move to dry sand away from the surf line.
Freshwater changes the salinity around any remaining stinging cells (nematocysts) and can trigger them to fire. Use seawater, vinegar (5% household), or saline. Hot tap water is acceptable as a follow-up after vinegar to deactivate venom.
Use a credit card, plastic shell, or stick to scrape tentacles off — not bare fingers. Tweezers work too. Avoid rubbing the area.
Soaking the affected area in hot water (as hot as is comfortable, ~104–113°F / 40–45°C) for 20–45 minutes is the most effective pain reliever for man o' war stings, per emergency-medicine consensus.
Most stings cause local pain and a red welt. Seek immediate medical attention for: severe pain that doesn't ease with hot water, large or central body stings, breathing difficulty, chest tightness, dizziness, vomiting, or any sign of allergic reaction. Call 911.
Urine has variable salinity and isn't reliable. Ice and freshwater can both trigger more nematocysts to fire. Stick to seawater rinse, scrape, vinegar, then heat.
A man o' war stranded on the wet sand can still sting for hours. Keep kids and dogs away. Do not pick one up to inspect it.
Peak sting risk is spring (April–May) and fall (September–October), when southeast winds push Portuguese man o' war into the surf zone. Moon jellies and cabbage-head jellies are most visible in summer and early fall. Winter and early spring are essentially jellyfish-free.
Purple means dangerous marine life has been reported on the beach — typically jellyfish or Portuguese man o' war. Read it as a warning to stay out of the water or be prepared for stings. It's posted alongside the daily green/yellow/red surf-condition flag at public beach access points.
Look for a translucent blue, purple, or pink gas-filled sail (often the size of a balloon, 4–10 inches), often with a pink crest, floating on the water or stranded on the wet sand. Long blue tentacles trail below in the water — sometimes 30 feet or more. The whole organism looks delicate and almost iridescent. If you see one, give it (and any blue strings on the sand) a wide berth.
Yes — for hours after stranding, sometimes longer. The stinging cells (nematocysts) can fire when touched even if the organism appears dead. Keep children and dogs away. Don't pick one up to inspect or move it.
No. Freshwater changes the salinity around any nematocysts left on the skin and can cause them to fire and inject more venom. Use seawater, 5% household vinegar, or saline. Hot water (as hot as is comfortable) applied after deactivating any remaining stingers is the most effective pain reliever.
No. Urine's effectiveness is unreliable — its salinity varies, and in some cases it can make the sting worse. Use seawater or vinegar instead.
Seek immediate medical attention for: severe pain that doesn't subside with hot water; large or whole-body stings; central body or face stings; chest tightness; difficulty breathing; dizziness; vomiting; or signs of allergic reaction such as swelling beyond the sting area or hives. Call 911 for anything severe.
True box jellyfish of major medical concern are rare in Texas waters, though occasional sightings are reported. Most Port Aransas stings come from Portuguese man o' war or sea nettles. Report any unusual jellyfish sighting at the lifeguard stand.
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